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LO. D.. Fielder, "Dynamic-Range Issues in the Modern Digital Audio Environment," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 322-339, (1995 May.). doi: LO. D.. Fielder, "Dynamic-Range Issues in the Modern Digital Audio Environment," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 43 Issue 5 pp. 322-339, (1995 May.). doi:
Abstract: The peak sound levels of music performances are combined with the audibility of noise in sound reproduction circumstances to yield a dynamic-range criterion for noise-free reproduction of music. This criterion is then examined in light of limitations due to microphones, analog-to-digital conversion, digital audio storage, low-bit-rate coders, digital-to-analog conversion, and loudspeakers. A dynamic range of over 120 dB is found to be necessary in the most demanding circumstances, requiring the reproduction of sound levels of up to 129 dB SPL. Present audio systems are shown to be challenged to yield these values.

@article{fielder1995dynamic-range,
author={fielder, louis d.},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={dynamic-range issues in the modern digital audio environment},
year={1995},
volume={43},
number={5},
pages={322-339},
doi={},
month={may},} @article{fielder1995dynamic-range,
author={fielder, louis d.},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={dynamic-range issues in the modern digital audio environment},
year={1995},
volume={43},
number={5},
pages={322-339},
doi={},
month={may},
abstract={the peak sound levels of music performances are combined with the audibility of noise in sound reproduction circumstances to yield a dynamic-range criterion for noise-free reproduction of music. this criterion is then examined in light of limitations due to microphones, analog-to-digital conversion, digital audio storage, low-bit-rate coders, digital-to-analog conversion, and loudspeakers. a dynamic range of over 120 db is found to be necessary in the most demanding circumstances, requiring the reproduction of sound levels of up to 129 db spl. present audio systems are shown to be challenged to yield these values.},}

TY - paper
TI - Dynamic-Range Issues in the Modern Digital Audio Environment
SP - 322 EP - 339
AU - Fielder, Louis D.
PY - 1995
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 5
VO - 43
VL - 43
Y1 - May 1995 TY - paper
TI - Dynamic-Range Issues in the Modern Digital Audio Environment
SP - 322 EP - 339
AU - Fielder, Louis D.
PY - 1995
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 5
VO - 43
VL - 43
Y1 - May 1995
AB - The peak sound levels of music performances are combined with the audibility of noise in sound reproduction circumstances to yield a dynamic-range criterion for noise-free reproduction of music. This criterion is then examined in light of limitations due to microphones, analog-to-digital conversion, digital audio storage, low-bit-rate coders, digital-to-analog conversion, and loudspeakers. A dynamic range of over 120 dB is found to be necessary in the most demanding circumstances, requiring the reproduction of sound levels of up to 129 dB SPL. Present audio systems are shown to be challenged to yield these values.