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BR. E.. Koenig, "Authentication of Forensic Audio Recordings," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 38, no. 1/2, pp. 3-33, (1990 January/February.). doi: BR. E.. Koenig, "Authentication of Forensic Audio Recordings," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 38 Issue 1/2 pp. 3-33, (1990 January/February.). doi:
Abstract: A detailed description is given of the procedures of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to determine whether an investigative or other forensic tape is an original or a duplicate, and whether there have been any alternations to the recording. Information is provided on contributor submitted material, the playback of recordings, an analysis overview, critical listening, physical inspection, magnetic development, instrumental analyses (waveform, narrow-band spectrum, and spectrographic), miscellaneous techniques, examination examples, training of examiners, evidence handling, and testimony.

@article{koenig1990authentication,
author={koenig, bruce e.},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={authentication of forensic audio recordings},
year={1990},
volume={38},
number={1/2},
pages={3-33},
doi={},
month={january/february},} @article{koenig1990authentication,
author={koenig, bruce e.},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={authentication of forensic audio recordings},
year={1990},
volume={38},
number={1/2},
pages={3-33},
doi={},
month={january/february},
abstract={a detailed description is given of the procedures of the federal bureau of investigation (fbi) to determine whether an investigative or other forensic tape is an original or a duplicate, and whether there have been any alternations to the recording. information is provided on contributor submitted material, the playback of recordings, an analysis overview, critical listening, physical inspection, magnetic development, instrumental analyses (waveform, narrow-band spectrum, and spectrographic), miscellaneous techniques, examination examples, training of examiners, evidence handling, and testimony.},}

TY - paper
TI - Authentication of Forensic Audio Recordings
SP - 3 EP - 33
AU - Koenig, Bruce E.
PY - 1990
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 1/2
VO - 38
VL - 38
Y1 - January/February 1990 TY - paper
TI - Authentication of Forensic Audio Recordings
SP - 3 EP - 33
AU - Koenig, Bruce E.
PY - 1990
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 1/2
VO - 38
VL - 38
Y1 - January/February 1990
AB - A detailed description is given of the procedures of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to determine whether an investigative or other forensic tape is an original or a duplicate, and whether there have been any alternations to the recording. Information is provided on contributor submitted material, the playback of recordings, an analysis overview, critical listening, physical inspection, magnetic development, instrumental analyses (waveform, narrow-band spectrum, and spectrographic), miscellaneous techniques, examination examples, training of examiners, evidence handling, and testimony.