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A. Mäkivirta, J. Liski, and V. Välimäki, "Effect of Delay Equalization on Loudspeaker Responses," Paper 9998, (2018 May.). doi: A. Mäkivirta, J. Liski, and V. Välimäki, "Effect of Delay Equalization on Loudspeaker Responses," Paper 9998, (2018 May.). doi:
Abstract: The impulse response of a generalized two-way loudspeaker is modeled and is delay equalized using digital filters. The dominant features of a loudspeaker are low and high corner roll-off characteristics and the behavior at the crossover points. The proposed model characterizes also the main effects of the mass-compliance resonant system. The impulse response, its logarithm and spectrogram, and the magnitude and group delay responses are visualized and compared with those measured from a two-way loudspeaker. The model explains the typical group-delay variations and magnitude-response deviations from a flat response in the passband. The group-delay equalization of the loudspeaker is demonstrated in two different methods. The first method, the time-alignment of the tweeter and woofer elements using a bulk delay, is shown to cause ripple in the magnitude response. The second method, which flattens the group delay of the speaker model in the whole audio range, leads to pre-ringing in the impulse response.

@article{mäkivirta2018effect,
author={mäkivirta, aki and liski, juho and välimäki, vesa},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={effect of delay equalization on loudspeaker responses},
year={2018},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={may},} @article{mäkivirta2018effect,
author={mäkivirta, aki and liski, juho and välimäki, vesa},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={effect of delay equalization on loudspeaker responses},
year={2018},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={may},
abstract={the impulse response of a generalized two-way loudspeaker is modeled and is delay equalized using digital filters. the dominant features of a loudspeaker are low and high corner roll-off characteristics and the behavior at the crossover points. the proposed model characterizes also the main effects of the mass-compliance resonant system. the impulse response, its logarithm and spectrogram, and the magnitude and group delay responses are visualized and compared with those measured from a two-way loudspeaker. the model explains the typical group-delay variations and magnitude-response deviations from a flat response in the passband. the group-delay equalization of the loudspeaker is demonstrated in two different methods. the first method, the time-alignment of the tweeter and woofer elements using a bulk delay, is shown to cause ripple in the magnitude response. the second method, which flattens the group delay of the speaker model in the whole audio range, leads to pre-ringing in the impulse response.},}

TY - paper
TI - Effect of Delay Equalization on Loudspeaker Responses
SP - EP -
AU - Mäkivirta, Aki
AU - Liski, Juho
AU - Välimäki, Vesa
PY - 2018
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - May 2018 TY - paper
TI - Effect of Delay Equalization on Loudspeaker Responses
SP - EP -
AU - Mäkivirta, Aki
AU - Liski, Juho
AU - Välimäki, Vesa
PY - 2018
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - May 2018
AB - The impulse response of a generalized two-way loudspeaker is modeled and is delay equalized using digital filters. The dominant features of a loudspeaker are low and high corner roll-off characteristics and the behavior at the crossover points. The proposed model characterizes also the main effects of the mass-compliance resonant system. The impulse response, its logarithm and spectrogram, and the magnitude and group delay responses are visualized and compared with those measured from a two-way loudspeaker. The model explains the typical group-delay variations and magnitude-response deviations from a flat response in the passband. The group-delay equalization of the loudspeaker is demonstrated in two different methods. The first method, the time-alignment of the tweeter and woofer elements using a bulk delay, is shown to cause ripple in the magnitude response. The second method, which flattens the group delay of the speaker model in the whole audio range, leads to pre-ringing in the impulse response.