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H. Lee, D. Johnson, and M. Mironovs, "Virtual Hemispherical Amplitude Panning (VHAP): A Method for 3D Panning without Elevated Loudspeakers," Paper 9965, (2018 May.). doi: H. Lee, D. Johnson, and M. Mironovs, "Virtual Hemispherical Amplitude Panning (VHAP): A Method for 3D Panning without Elevated Loudspeakers," Paper 9965, (2018 May.). doi:
Abstract: This paper proposes “virtual hemispherical amplitude panning (VHAP),” which is an efficient 3D panning method exploiting the phantom image elevation effect. Research found that a phantom center image produced by two laterally placed loudspeakers would be localized above the listener. Based on this principle, VHAP attempts to position a phantom image over a virtual upper-hemisphere using just four ear-level loudspeakers placed at the listener’s left side, right side, front center, and back center. A constant-power amplitude panning law is applied among the four loudspeakers. A listening test was conducted to evaluate the localization performance of VHAP. Results indicate that the proposed method can enable one to locate a phantom image at various spherical coordinates in the upper hemisphere with some limitations in accuracy and resolution.

@article{lee2018virtual,
author={lee, hyunkook and johnson, dale and mironovs, maksims},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={virtual hemispherical amplitude panning (vhap): a method for 3d panning without elevated loudspeakers},
year={2018},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={may},} @article{lee2018virtual,
author={lee, hyunkook and johnson, dale and mironovs, maksims},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={virtual hemispherical amplitude panning (vhap): a method for 3d panning without elevated loudspeakers},
year={2018},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={may},
abstract={this paper proposes “virtual hemispherical amplitude panning (vhap),” which is an efficient 3d panning method exploiting the phantom image elevation effect. research found that a phantom center image produced by two laterally placed loudspeakers would be localized above the listener. based on this principle, vhap attempts to position a phantom image over a virtual upper-hemisphere using just four ear-level loudspeakers placed at the listener’s left side, right side, front center, and back center. a constant-power amplitude panning law is applied among the four loudspeakers. a listening test was conducted to evaluate the localization performance of vhap. results indicate that the proposed method can enable one to locate a phantom image at various spherical coordinates in the upper hemisphere with some limitations in accuracy and resolution.},}

TY - paper
TI - Virtual Hemispherical Amplitude Panning (VHAP): A Method for 3D Panning without Elevated Loudspeakers
SP - EP -
AU - Lee, Hyunkook
AU - Johnson, Dale
AU - Mironovs, Maksims
PY - 2018
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - May 2018 TY - paper
TI - Virtual Hemispherical Amplitude Panning (VHAP): A Method for 3D Panning without Elevated Loudspeakers
SP - EP -
AU - Lee, Hyunkook
AU - Johnson, Dale
AU - Mironovs, Maksims
PY - 2018
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - May 2018
AB - This paper proposes “virtual hemispherical amplitude panning (VHAP),” which is an efficient 3D panning method exploiting the phantom image elevation effect. Research found that a phantom center image produced by two laterally placed loudspeakers would be localized above the listener. Based on this principle, VHAP attempts to position a phantom image over a virtual upper-hemisphere using just four ear-level loudspeakers placed at the listener’s left side, right side, front center, and back center. A constant-power amplitude panning law is applied among the four loudspeakers. A listening test was conducted to evaluate the localization performance of VHAP. Results indicate that the proposed method can enable one to locate a phantom image at various spherical coordinates in the upper hemisphere with some limitations in accuracy and resolution.