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B. Koenig, and D. Lacey, "Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded iPhone M4A Files," Paper 1-3, (2017 June.). doi: B. Koenig, and D. Lacey, "Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded iPhone M4A Files," Paper 1-3, (2017 June.). doi:
Abstract: Detailed digital data analyses were conducted of the metadata contained in files produced on four iOS apps and then re-encoded with four (4) common audio/media editing programs, producing a total of twenty (20) separate M4A files.  The purpose of this research was to identify changes made to the M4A file structure and metadata content by the re-encoding processes as they related to forensic audio authenticity examinations.  The research found that the re-encoding processes produced clearly discernible differences, compared to the original M4A files.  The M4A metadata format structure, the procedures followed, the changes identified in the metadata of the re-encoded files, and a discussion of the authenticity implications are listed.

@article{koenig2017forensic,
author={koenig, bruce and lacey, douglas},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={forensic authenticity analyses of the metadata in re-encoded iphone m4a files},
year={2017},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={june},} @article{koenig2017forensic,
author={koenig, bruce and lacey, douglas},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={forensic authenticity analyses of the metadata in re-encoded iphone m4a files},
year={2017},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={june},
abstract={detailed digital data analyses were conducted of the metadata contained in files produced on four ios apps and then re-encoded with four (4) common audio/media editing programs, producing a total of twenty (20) separate m4a files.  the purpose of this research was to identify changes made to the m4a file structure and metadata content by the re-encoding processes as they related to forensic audio authenticity examinations.  the research found that the re-encoding processes produced clearly discernible differences, compared to the original m4a files.  the m4a metadata format structure, the procedures followed, the changes identified in the metadata of the re-encoded files, and a discussion of the authenticity implications are listed.},}

TY - paper
TI - Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded iPhone M4A Files
SP - EP -
AU - Koenig, Bruce
AU - Lacey, Douglas
PY - 2017
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - June 2017 TY - paper
TI - Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded iPhone M4A Files
SP - EP -
AU - Koenig, Bruce
AU - Lacey, Douglas
PY - 2017
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - June 2017
AB - Detailed digital data analyses were conducted of the metadata contained in files produced on four iOS apps and then re-encoded with four (4) common audio/media editing programs, producing a total of twenty (20) separate M4A files.  The purpose of this research was to identify changes made to the M4A file structure and metadata content by the re-encoding processes as they related to forensic audio authenticity examinations.  The research found that the re-encoding processes produced clearly discernible differences, compared to the original M4A files.  The M4A metadata format structure, the procedures followed, the changes identified in the metadata of the re-encoded files, and a discussion of the authenticity implications are listed.