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C. Lee, and A. Horner, "Discrimination of Random Spectral Alterations in Repeated Notes of Sustained Musical Instrument Tones," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 654-662, (2014 October.). doi: https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2014.0038 C. Lee, and A. Horner, "Discrimination of Random Spectral Alterations in Repeated Notes of Sustained Musical Instrument Tones," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 62 Issue 10 pp. 654-662, (2014 October.). doi: https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2014.0038
Abstract: Electronic instruments and music synthesizers have been criticized as being unnatural because the notes are uniform without natural variations. When a musician plays a sequence of “identical” notes, each one is in fact somewhat different from the others. In this study, eight sustained musical instrument sounds were randomly altered by a time-invariant process to determine the degree to which spectral alterations could be detected with repeated notes. Listeners were asked to discriminate each randomly altered repeated note sequence from an original unaltered sequence. The results showed that spectrally altered repeated note sequences were significantly more discriminable than single tones of the same duration. Correlation analysis confirmed that spectral incoherence correlated significantly for three alteration factors in the single-note stimuli and two alteration factors in the repeated note sequences.

@article{lee2014discrimination,
author={lee, chung and horner, andrew},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={discrimination of random spectral alterations in repeated notes of sustained musical instrument tones},
year={2014},
volume={62},
number={10},
pages={654-662},
doi={https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2014.0038},
month={october},} @article{lee2014discrimination,
author={lee, chung and horner, andrew},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={discrimination of random spectral alterations in repeated notes of sustained musical instrument tones},
year={2014},
volume={62},
number={10},
pages={654-662},
doi={https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2014.0038},
month={october},
abstract={electronic instruments and music synthesizers have been criticized as being unnatural because the notes are uniform without natural variations. when a musician plays a sequence of “identical” notes, each one is in fact somewhat different from the others. in this study, eight sustained musical instrument sounds were randomly altered by a time-invariant process to determine the degree to which spectral alterations could be detected with repeated notes. listeners were asked to discriminate each randomly altered repeated note sequence from an original unaltered sequence. the results showed that spectrally altered repeated note sequences were significantly more discriminable than single tones of the same duration. correlation analysis confirmed that spectral incoherence correlated significantly for three alteration factors in the single-note stimuli and two alteration factors in the repeated note sequences.},}

TY - paper
TI - Discrimination of Random Spectral Alterations in Repeated Notes of Sustained Musical Instrument Tones
SP - 654 EP - 662
AU - Lee, Chung
AU - Horner, Andrew
PY - 2014
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 10
VO - 62
VL - 62
Y1 - October 2014 TY - paper
TI - Discrimination of Random Spectral Alterations in Repeated Notes of Sustained Musical Instrument Tones
SP - 654 EP - 662
AU - Lee, Chung
AU - Horner, Andrew
PY - 2014
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 10
VO - 62
VL - 62
Y1 - October 2014
AB - Electronic instruments and music synthesizers have been criticized as being unnatural because the notes are uniform without natural variations. When a musician plays a sequence of “identical” notes, each one is in fact somewhat different from the others. In this study, eight sustained musical instrument sounds were randomly altered by a time-invariant process to determine the degree to which spectral alterations could be detected with repeated notes. Listeners were asked to discriminate each randomly altered repeated note sequence from an original unaltered sequence. The results showed that spectrally altered repeated note sequences were significantly more discriminable than single tones of the same duration. Correlation analysis confirmed that spectral incoherence correlated significantly for three alteration factors in the single-note stimuli and two alteration factors in the repeated note sequences.