An artificial head has been designed. The design is based on acoustical measurements on real people. The design method includes a specially developed measurement technique that separates the pinna from the body and head, thus making it possible to adjust separately the shape of the body, head, and pinna. This approach has led to a design for which the head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are representative of a typical human subject for all directions. Furthermore, the measurements reveal which parts of an HRTF are formed by the body, head, and pinna, respectively.:
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