The Bl-Product and lumped parameter compliance of an electrodynamic loudspeaker vary substantially with displacement at low frequencies, making these the major sources of low-frequency THD. Using a tensile/compression loadframe, it is possible to measure the dynamic compliance of cones and spiders before they are built into loudspeakers. It is also possible to measure a normalized Bl-Product for voice coil and motor structure combinations. All of the measured force versus displacement data can be represented by truncated power series expansions. Additionally, the spider and cone data sets can be combined by the principle of superposition. This results in a measured, lumped parameter, dynamic compliance. After the components are measured they can be built into loudspeakers, and the power series coefficients can be compared with the low-frequency second- and third-order distortion.
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