Reflected sounds influence the timbre and spatial character of live and reproduced sounds. Most investigations of reflections have focused on the performance of live sounds in large halls. Current interest in the acoustical interactions of rooms, loudspeakers, and listeners requires further and possibly more relevant data than have been available. In this study, the effects of reflected sounds were examined as they would occur in stereophonic reproduction in rooms of domestic or control-room size. Thresholds were determined as a function of level relative to the direct sound, the angle of incidence, spectrum, the temporal form of the signal, and reverberation. The relationships between audible effects and measurements, such as energy-time curves and frequency response, are discussed.
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