A listening survey of conventional loudness controls led to the subjective impression that most of them overcompensate. The well-known Fletcher-Munson contours are examined as a basis for loudness compensation: more modern data are examined as well. Differential loudness contours from the most appropriate data are used to account for the fact that the ear`s response is not flat at any chosen reference level. Computer-generated tables of the differential loudness contours are given along with several circuit implementations based on the new curves.
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