During the past twenty years, automobiles (for instance) have almost entirely eliminated direct gear driven transmissions by replacing them with variable speed hydraulic turbines incorporated into automatic transmissions. During the same period of time electric phonograph drive systems have remained practically unchanged, still retaining many of their shortcomings.: This paper describes causes for wow, flutter and rumble in turntable transmissions, and remedies.: One solution to some of these shortcomings is an electronic drive turntable, consisting of a variable frequency oscillator and a power amplifier driving a hysteresis synchronous motor capable of working over a wide frequency and speed range. Such a drive system makes speed changing extremely simple since only a capacitor and resistor have to be switched in the oscillator circuit. It thereby eliminates many mechanical linkages and has certain other advantages over mechanical transmissions used in turntables heretofore.
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