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J. Woodcock, WI. J.. Davies, TR. J.. Cox, and F. Melchior, "Categorization of Broadcast Audio Objects in Complex Auditory Scenes," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 380-394, (2016 June.). doi: https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2016.0007 J. Woodcock, WI. J.. Davies, TR. J.. Cox, and F. Melchior, "Categorization of Broadcast Audio Objects in Complex Auditory Scenes," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 64 Issue 6 pp. 380-394, (2016 June.). doi: https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2016.0007
Abstract: Because object-based audio is becoming an important framework for the representation of complex sound scenes, this research describes a series of experiments to determine a categorization framework for broadcast audio objects. Categorization is a fundamental human strategy for reducing cognitive load, and knowledge of these categories should be beneficial for the development of perceptually based representations and rendering strategies for object-based audio. In this study, 21 expert and non-expert listeners took part in a free card sorting task using audio objects from a variety of different types of program material. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering suggests that there are 7 general categories, which relate to sounds indicating actions and movement, continuous background sound, transient background sound, clear speech, non-diegetic music and effects, sounds indicating the presence of people, and prominent attention-grabbing transient sounds. A three-dimensional perceptual space calculated via multidimensional scaling suggests that these categories vary along the dimensions of semantic content, continuous-transient, and presence-absence of people. The position of an audio object along the dimensions of the perceptual space relates to its perceived importance.

@article{woodcock2016categorization,
author={woodcock, james and davies, william j. and cox, trevor j. and melchior, frank},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={categorization of broadcast audio objects in complex auditory scenes},
year={2016},
volume={64},
number={6},
pages={380-394},
doi={https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2016.0007},
month={june},} @article{woodcock2016categorization,
author={woodcock, james and davies, william j. and cox, trevor j. and melchior, frank},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={categorization of broadcast audio objects in complex auditory scenes},
year={2016},
volume={64},
number={6},
pages={380-394},
doi={https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2016.0007},
month={june},
abstract={because object-based audio is becoming an important framework for the representation of complex sound scenes, this research describes a series of experiments to determine a categorization framework for broadcast audio objects. categorization is a fundamental human strategy for reducing cognitive load, and knowledge of these categories should be beneficial for the development of perceptually based representations and rendering strategies for object-based audio. in this study, 21 expert and non-expert listeners took part in a free card sorting task using audio objects from a variety of different types of program material. hierarchical agglomerative clustering suggests that there are 7 general categories, which relate to sounds indicating actions and movement, continuous background sound, transient background sound, clear speech, non-diegetic music and effects, sounds indicating the presence of people, and prominent attention-grabbing transient sounds. a three-dimensional perceptual space calculated via multidimensional scaling suggests that these categories vary along the dimensions of semantic content, continuous-transient, and presence-absence of people. the position of an audio object along the dimensions of the perceptual space relates to its perceived importance.},}

TY - paper
TI - Categorization of Broadcast Audio Objects in Complex Auditory Scenes
SP - 380 EP - 394
AU - Woodcock, James
AU - Davies, William J.
AU - Cox, Trevor J.
AU - Melchior, Frank
PY - 2016
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 6
VO - 64
VL - 64
Y1 - June 2016 TY - paper
TI - Categorization of Broadcast Audio Objects in Complex Auditory Scenes
SP - 380 EP - 394
AU - Woodcock, James
AU - Davies, William J.
AU - Cox, Trevor J.
AU - Melchior, Frank
PY - 2016
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 6
VO - 64
VL - 64
Y1 - June 2016
AB - Because object-based audio is becoming an important framework for the representation of complex sound scenes, this research describes a series of experiments to determine a categorization framework for broadcast audio objects. Categorization is a fundamental human strategy for reducing cognitive load, and knowledge of these categories should be beneficial for the development of perceptually based representations and rendering strategies for object-based audio. In this study, 21 expert and non-expert listeners took part in a free card sorting task using audio objects from a variety of different types of program material. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering suggests that there are 7 general categories, which relate to sounds indicating actions and movement, continuous background sound, transient background sound, clear speech, non-diegetic music and effects, sounds indicating the presence of people, and prominent attention-grabbing transient sounds. A three-dimensional perceptual space calculated via multidimensional scaling suggests that these categories vary along the dimensions of semantic content, continuous-transient, and presence-absence of people. The position of an audio object along the dimensions of the perceptual space relates to its perceived importance.