Commercial surround formats have been based on a pragmatic compromise between the need for compatibility with two-channel stereo and a desire for spatial enhancement. The psychoacoustic principles of formats like '5.1' are firmly based in traditional stereophony rather than physically accurate rendering of spatial sound fields. However it is possible to obtain pleasing results if one knows the strengths and limitations of the format in relation to recording techniques, which will be introduced in this tutorial. 5.1 surround sound is briefly contrasted with binaural recording principles and sound field reconstruction approaches such as wavefield synthesis.
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