A Method for Comparison of Nonlinearities of Consumer Earphones Using Equalized Stimuli
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F. Fleischmann, J. Estrella, and J. Plogsties, "A Method for Comparison of Nonlinearities of Consumer Earphones Using Equalized Stimuli," Engineering Brief 141, (2014 April.). doi:
F. Fleischmann, J. Estrella, and J. Plogsties, "A Method for Comparison of Nonlinearities of Consumer Earphones Using Equalized Stimuli," Engineering Brief 141, (2014 April.). doi:
Abstract: Comparison of nonlinearities between different earphone models is not directly possible due to their different sensitivities and the high dynamics in the transducer's frequency response. Also, nonlinearities are highly dependent on the level of the excitation signal. An approach to overcome these differences and allow for fair comparison is proposed. The method is based on filtering commonly used stimuli like pink sweeps with a linear correction filter. This filter is obtained by a measurement at low input levels where the transducer shows linear behavior. The nonlinear response is then measured at different levels and THD is computed. In this way the non-linearity or different transducers can be compared directly. Some examples demonstrating the performance of consumer grade earphones are presented and discussed. The results show that nonlinearities mainly appear for low frequency excitation.
@article{fleischmann2014a,
author={fleischmann, felix and estrella, jorgos and plogsties, jan},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={a method for comparison of nonlinearities of consumer earphones using equalized stimuli},
year={2014},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={april},}
@article{fleischmann2014a,
author={fleischmann, felix and estrella, jorgos and plogsties, jan},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={a method for comparison of nonlinearities of consumer earphones using equalized stimuli},
year={2014},
volume={},
number={},
pages={},
doi={},
month={april},
abstract={comparison of nonlinearities between different earphone models is not directly possible due to their different sensitivities and the high dynamics in the transducer's frequency response. also, nonlinearities are highly dependent on the level of the excitation signal. an approach to overcome these differences and allow for fair comparison is proposed. the method is based on filtering commonly used stimuli like pink sweeps with a linear correction filter. this filter is obtained by a measurement at low input levels where the transducer shows linear behavior. the nonlinear response is then measured at different levels and thd is computed. in this way the non-linearity or different transducers can be compared directly. some examples demonstrating the performance of consumer grade earphones are presented and discussed. the results show that nonlinearities mainly appear for low frequency excitation.},}
TY - paper
TI - A Method for Comparison of Nonlinearities of Consumer Earphones Using Equalized Stimuli
SP -
EP -
AU - Fleischmann, Felix
AU - Estrella, Jorgos
AU - Plogsties, Jan
PY - 2014
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - April 2014
TY - paper
TI - A Method for Comparison of Nonlinearities of Consumer Earphones Using Equalized Stimuli
SP -
EP -
AU - Fleischmann, Felix
AU - Estrella, Jorgos
AU - Plogsties, Jan
PY - 2014
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS -
VO -
VL -
Y1 - April 2014
AB - Comparison of nonlinearities between different earphone models is not directly possible due to their different sensitivities and the high dynamics in the transducer's frequency response. Also, nonlinearities are highly dependent on the level of the excitation signal. An approach to overcome these differences and allow for fair comparison is proposed. The method is based on filtering commonly used stimuli like pink sweeps with a linear correction filter. This filter is obtained by a measurement at low input levels where the transducer shows linear behavior. The nonlinear response is then measured at different levels and THD is computed. In this way the non-linearity or different transducers can be compared directly. Some examples demonstrating the performance of consumer grade earphones are presented and discussed. The results show that nonlinearities mainly appear for low frequency excitation.
Comparison of nonlinearities between different earphone models is not directly possible due to their different sensitivities and the high dynamics in the transducer's frequency response. Also, nonlinearities are highly dependent on the level of the excitation signal. An approach to overcome these differences and allow for fair comparison is proposed. The method is based on filtering commonly used stimuli like pink sweeps with a linear correction filter. This filter is obtained by a measurement at low input levels where the transducer shows linear behavior. The nonlinear response is then measured at different levels and THD is computed. In this way the non-linearity or different transducers can be compared directly. Some examples demonstrating the performance of consumer grade earphones are presented and discussed. The results show that nonlinearities mainly appear for low frequency excitation.
Authors:
Fleischmann, Felix; Estrella, Jorgos; Plogsties, Jan
Affiliation:
Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany
AES Convention:
136 (April 2014)eBrief:141
Publication Date:
April 25, 2014Import into BibTeX
Permalink:
http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=17150
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