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BE. B.. Bauer, "Improving Headphone Listening Comfort," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 300-302, (1965 October.). doi: BE. B.. Bauer, "Improving Headphone Listening Comfort," J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 13 Issue 4 pp. 300-302, (1965 October.). doi:
Abstract: The fatigue resulting from prolonged listening to headphone appears to be related to the in-phase motion of earphone diaphragms that cuase the sound to be localized in a single frontal spot within the head, this being entirely unlike what is experienced in the normal mode of listening. Previous attempts to improve headphone listening by a) reversing the phase of the earphones; and b) introducing delays between the earphones of the order of 1 msec have been reported with both favorable and unfavorable results. In the experiment described in this paper, a speech signal was split into two equal 90° out-of-phase channels and connected to earphones through a cross-coupling network which restored normal inter-aural delays. The resulting sound was completely spread within the head, eliminating the oppressive feeling of the usual headphone listening.

@article{bauer1965improving,
author={bauer, benjamin b.},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={improving headphone listening comfort},
year={1965},
volume={13},
number={4},
pages={300-302},
doi={},
month={october},} @article{bauer1965improving,
author={bauer, benjamin b.},
journal={journal of the audio engineering society},
title={improving headphone listening comfort},
year={1965},
volume={13},
number={4},
pages={300-302},
doi={},
month={october},
abstract={the fatigue resulting from prolonged listening to headphone appears to be related to the in-phase motion of earphone diaphragms that cuase the sound to be localized in a single frontal spot within the head, this being entirely unlike what is experienced in the normal mode of listening. previous attempts to improve headphone listening by a) reversing the phase of the earphones; and b) introducing delays between the earphones of the order of 1 msec have been reported with both favorable and unfavorable results. in the experiment described in this paper, a speech signal was split into two equal 90° out-of-phase channels and connected to earphones through a cross-coupling network which restored normal inter-aural delays. the resulting sound was completely spread within the head, eliminating the oppressive feeling of the usual headphone listening.},}

TY - paper
TI - Improving Headphone Listening Comfort
SP - 300 EP - 302
AU - Bauer, Benjamin B.
PY - 1965
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 4
VO - 13
VL - 13
Y1 - October 1965 TY - paper
TI - Improving Headphone Listening Comfort
SP - 300 EP - 302
AU - Bauer, Benjamin B.
PY - 1965
JO - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
IS - 4
VO - 13
VL - 13
Y1 - October 1965
AB - The fatigue resulting from prolonged listening to headphone appears to be related to the in-phase motion of earphone diaphragms that cuase the sound to be localized in a single frontal spot within the head, this being entirely unlike what is experienced in the normal mode of listening. Previous attempts to improve headphone listening by a) reversing the phase of the earphones; and b) introducing delays between the earphones of the order of 1 msec have been reported with both favorable and unfavorable results. In the experiment described in this paper, a speech signal was split into two equal 90° out-of-phase channels and connected to earphones through a cross-coupling network which restored normal inter-aural delays. The resulting sound was completely spread within the head, eliminating the oppressive feeling of the usual headphone listening.