| PAPERS | |
| Why Are Commercials so Loud? - Perception and Modeling of the Loudness of Amplitude-Compressed Speech (PDF-110K) | |
| Brian C. J. Moore, Brian R. Glasberg, and Michael A. Stone | 1123 |
| According to urban legend, commercials are broadcast with higher loudness levels than programming. An empirical study confirmed that four-band compressed speech sounds louder than uncompressed speech by as much as 3 dB when the rms levels are matched. An audio engineer can control only the perceived loudness of broadcast program material if a loudness meter is available for monitoring the program. However, loudness models require significant computational power if used in real time. | |
| Smart Digital Loudspeaker Arrays (PDF-848K) | |
| M. O. J. Hawksford | 1133 |
| With the advent of microminiature transducers, a new class of loudspeaker design fundamentals is required in order to implement programmable radiation beam directions and beamwidths. The primary objective of this study was to develop a processing strategy to obtain a target directional radiation from an array of transducers, each with its own dedicated signal processing. Coherent and diffuse beams can be obtained simultaneously from the same array over a wide frequency range. | |
| Localization of 3-D Sound Presented through Headphone-Duration of Sound Presentation and Localization Accuracy (PDF-106K) | |
| Fang Chen | 1163 |
| Of all the spatial parameters that influence localization accuracy, signal duration is often one of the most important. When the duration is long enough, approaching four seconds, accuracy using headphones is comparable to that of free-field or individual HRTFs. The results of this empirical study are consistent with a wide variety of sound samples. Designers of auditory displays must include signal duration as an important parameter. | |
| ENGINEERING REPORTS | |
| Reconstruction of Mechanically Recorded Sound by Image Processing (PDF-616K) | |
| Vitaliy Fadeyev and Carl Haber | 1172 |
| Two-dimensional image processing offers a modern method to reproduce historic mechanical recordings without using a contact transducer. Moreover, because image processing uses information spread over a wide area, it is easier to remove noise, scratches, and other defects. In addition to avoiding additional degradation by contact transducers, optical decoding of groove undulations produces better audio quality. A contact transducer senses mechanical position at a single point in space and time, an image incorporates mechanical information spanning a large area. This approach may allow automated preservation of endangered audio performances of historic value. | |
| LETTERS TO THE EDITOR | |
| Comments on "Analysis of Traditional and Reverberation-Reducing Methods of Room Equalization" (PDF-167K) | |
| John N. Mourjopoulos | 1186 |
| Author's Reply (PDF-143K) | |
| Louis D. Fielder | 1189 |
| STANDARDS AND INFORMATION DOCUMENTS | |
| AES Standards Committee News (PDF-334K) | 1193 |
| Digital audio synchronization; listening tests; Internet audio quality | |
| FEATURES | |
| 115th Convention Report, New York (PDF-2.0MB) | 1196 |
| Exhibitors (PDF-268K) | 1210 |
| Program (PDF-329K) | 1215 |
| 11th Tokyo Regional Convention Report (PDF-229K) | 1258 |
| Exhibitors (PDF-74K) | 1261 |
| Program (PDF-73K) | 1262 |
| Education News (PDF-154K) | 1276 |
| Call for Nominations for Board of Governors (PDF-9K) | 1282 |
| Call for Awards Nominations (PDF-648K) | 1283 |
| Bylaws: Audio Engineering Society, Inc. (PDF-20K) | 1289 |
| Index to Volume 51 (PDF-81K) | 1293 |
| DEPARTMENTS | |
| News of the Sections (PDF-192K) | 1271 |
| Sound Track (PDF-13K) | 1279 |
| Upcoming Meetings (PDF-13K) | 1279 |
| New Products and Developments (PDF-27K) | 1280 |
| Available Literature (PDF-12K) | 1281 |
| Membership Information (PDF-40K) | 1285 |
| Advertiser Internet Directory (PDF-36K) | 1286 |
| In Memoriam (PDF-58K) | 1287 |
| AES Special Publications (PDF-80K) | 1317 |
| Sections Contacts Directory (PDF-34K) | 1322 |
| AES Conventions and Conferences (PDF-44K) | 1328 |
| EXTRAS | |
| Cover & Sustaining Members List (PDF-33K) | |
| VIP List & Editorial Staff (PDF-27K) | |
| AES 115th Convention Papers (PDF-45K) | |
| AES 115th Convention Audio Cassettes and MP3s (PDF-263K) | |
| Ads In This Issue (HTML) | |
