AES Conventions and Conferences
 
AES 106th Convention, Munich, Germany 1999 May 8-11

WORKSHOP SESSIONS
Monday, May 10
Sessions W5 - W11

Workshop W5
Monday, May 10, 9:00 -11:00 h
SMALL TRANSDUCERS
Small Transducers � New technologies or scaling down?
Chairman: Juha Backman

Small audio transducers, such as miniature microphones, earpieces, and hearing aid transducers, are in an exciting phase of development. New technologies, such as micro mechanics, are emerging, but, on the other hand, improved manufacturing technologies and materials have stretched down the limits for conventional transducers. The limits of transducer technology and the promises of new approaches will be discussed by a panel of experts from the industry and the research community.

Workshop W6
Monday, May 10, 9:00 -11:00 h
SOUND ARCHIVING
Sound Archiving: Entering the 21st Century
Chairman: Dietrich Sch�ller

Sound recordings are not only documents of historical, political and cultural importance but also the outcome of the endeavours and the artistry of the audio engineering profession. Over the last decades we have witnessed an ever increasing interest for safeguarding these documents and, thus, preserving the audio heritage for posterity. Several problems, however, are associated with sound archiving: The preservation issue is at the forefront as carriers are not stable and newly upcoming recording systems see ever shorter commercial life cycles. Another problem is re-recording, the technically and ethically adequate transfer of historical sound carriers onto new ones. A group of experts in the field will be invited to critically discuss these issues including digital mass storage systems which are just about to be introduced on a greater scale.

Workshop W7
Monday, May 10, 11:30-13:30 h
LOUDSPEAKER ARRAYS
The art and technology of loudspeaker arrays
Chairman: Peter Mapp

The Workshop will examine the ways in which loudspeakers (and microphones) pattern and the resulting sound system performance will be discussed. The use of signal processing and other acoustic techniques to form steerable arrays will be presented. Prediction techniques and computer modelling methods will be also be discussed, together with practical examples of arrays used in stadium and concert sound systems through to teleconferencing and room acoustic research / synthesis.

Workshop W8
Monday, May 10, 11:30-13:30 h
WATERMARKS
Where there�s a will, there�s a WATERMARK?
Chairman: Peter Filleul

Has the IFPI�s investigation into watermarking technologies revealed satisfactory technological solutions? If it has, is there the will within the industry to implement the application of copyright protection information into DVDs or CDs (or even analogue product?). � Will the industry fund such implementation? � Are studio producers happy with what might be new requirements affecting their recordings? Peter Filleul, from ESDA, the European Sound Directors Association, chairs a panel of informed players, with contrary views, discussing one of the most important issues facing the recording industry.

Workshop W9
Monday, May 10, 14:00-16:30 h
SUBJECTIVE QUALITY MEASUREMENT
Modern psychometrics in psychoacoustics
Chairman: Annie Kjeldsen

It is well known that serious discrepancies exist between objective acoustic measurements of parameters in sound production and human perception related to it. The aim of this workshop is to contribute to an extended knowledge of both current and upcoming methods that can be expected to influence the application of psychometrics in a broader range of psychoacoustic problems, such as perception of loudspeaker distortion, product sound quality and noise annoyance.

Workshop W10
Monday, May 10, 17:00-19:30 h
MPEG- 4 AUDIO
The MPEG-4 Audio Standard: Overview and Applications
Chairman: Schuyler Quackenbush

MPEG-4 is the most recent member of the well known family of ISO/MPEG coding standards. MPEG-4 provides an integrated set of audio coders with a number of novel functionalities, such as bitrate scalability and bandwidth scalability. It also supports new concepts in audio coding systems, such as multi-signal composition and interactive signal post-processing. The workshop will present an overview of the MPEG-4 audio standard and discuss how MPEG-4 can be used in specific audio applications. The workshop will attempt to answer the question "What is MPEG-4 and what can I do with it?" There will be a number of demonstrations.

Workshop W11
Monday, May 10, 17:00-19:30 h
ACOUSTICAL TREATMENT OF STUDIOS
Acoustical properties of materials and constructions �
Sound absorption and reflection
Chairman: Ernst Voelker

For high-quality music and speech studios or small home-studios, considering sound reproduction and good listening conditions, some acoustical materials and construction are important. Descriptions will be made in respect of microphone recording and listening conditions. The absorbing and reflecting materials have to fulfil different requirements which are sometimes related to desired sound isolation between adjacent rooms. Reverberation times, early and late arriving sounds, reflections and listening conditions will be discussed for both small and large spaces.


WORKSHOP SESSIONS

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