AES E-Library

Modeling the Nonlinearities in Horn Loudspeakers

Nonlinearities in horn loudspeakers are modeled by electromechanical-acoustical analogous circuits with lumped parameters as well as by block-oriented systems composed of linear dynamic subsystems and nonlinear static subsystems. The nonlinear parameters are developed by a power series expansion, and the second- and third-order system functions based on a Volterra series approach are presented. These higher order system functions allow a quantitative prediction of the harmonic and intermodulation distortion in the radiated sound pressure signal and show in principle the characteristic steady-state response of the nonlinear distortion for each nonlinearity. This information is helpful for interpreting the results of nonlinear distortion measurements and determining the dominant nonlinearities in horn loudspeakers. The structure of the derived system models is valuable a priori information for performing system identification to verify the modeling and to determine relevant loudspeaker parameters.

Author: Klippel, Wolfgang
Affiliation: Audio Research Group, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada
JAES Volume 44 Issue 6 pp. 470-480; June 1996 Import into BibTeX

Click to purchase paper or login as an AES member. If your company or school subscribes to the E-Library then switch to the institutional version. If you are not an AES member and would like to subscribe to the E-Library then Join the AES!

This paper costs $20 for non-members, $5 for AES members and is free for E-Library subscribers.

Learn more about the AES E-Library

E-Library Location: (CD aes5)   /jrnl8997/1996/8637.pdf

Start a discussion about this paper!