This paper presents a theory which relates the perception of room impression (RI), reverberance, and warmth to chaotic fluctuations in the apparent position of a sound source. A measure based on these fluctuations agrees well with subjective studies of RI. The theory predicts that reflections from the side are most effective at producing RI for frequencies below 500 Hz. Above this frequency the peak sensitivity moves toward the medial plane. Mid-frequency and high-frequency RI appears to easily saturate at similar values in unoccupied halls. Implications of these results on the measurement and design of concert halls is discussed.
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