The behavior of a loudspeaker diaphragm beyond the piston range of operation is usually investigated using analytic techniques such as the finite-element method. An experimental method, modal analysis, is presented, which allows a model to be developed from actual measurements. Previous problems in the measurement technique are overcome by the use of a noncontacting laser transducer. A step by step analysis of a typical driver is shown. After the modal model has been developed it is possible to simulate structural modifications and to study the dynamic system response. Special application software is used for the measurement, analysis, and simulation.
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