An improved underwater loudspeaker covering the frequency range from 200 Hz to 5 kHz has been developed. This transducer combines small size and high efficiency. It yields speech reproduction comparable to medium fidelity air acoustic loudspeakers. this device has been used successfully as part of a portable underwater communication system for instruction and recall of a group of swimmers or divers. Using the underwater hearing thresholds of Brandt and Hollien, estimates of range are made for the above system and compared to test results. Variations of the basic deisgn to produce a family of underwater loudspeakers with power inputs ranging from 10 watts to 2 KW is also discussed.
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