Audio reproduction systems have as their first goal the ability to reproduce the program sounds at the level desired by the user. There are a number of areas in audio system design where this is critical. The system should be able to reproduce audio at the levels needed by typical users, and presumably should also have the ability to accommodate a substantial portion of the desired reproduction levels. Beyond this simple requirement, some systems should have their behavior optimized for the level at which they will be used. The literature on listening levels has been surveyed, and new data has been gathered to determine what the preferred listening levels are for a variety of listening circumstances. Additional experiments have been done to estimate the range of listening levels which may be acceptable to the typical listener.
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