MPEG-4 is designed as a transport-independent, universal coding standard for multimedia content. ISMA, a consortium of 30 companies, has created an open, non-proprietary transport protocol for streaming of MPEG-4 over IP networks. For audio data, the ISMA specification 1.0 contains several modes which include optional interleaved transmission. At Fraunhofer IIS ISMA-compliant server and client applications have been implemented and are used for various performance and robustness tests. In the paper we investigate the characteristics of MPEG-4 Audio over the ISMA protocol. In particular we show how packet loss affects the subjective quality of the audio signal and quantify how well interleaving and concealment can restore a damaged signal.
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