The research investigated how both the frequency response and directivity of a talker or voice simulator can affect the measured and predicted speech intelligibility within a given situation. Current sound system and acoustic standards provide little guidance as to the required acoustic characteristics of a simulator or the effects that its directivity and frequency response parameters may have. It is shown that the both driver size and format as well as the overall frequency response can have a marked effect on speech intelligibility measurements. A range of talker loudspeaker simulators was investigated in both real and simulated environments. The research shows that the characteristics of several commonly used simulators varied significantly which markedly affected the resultant intelligibility measurements. The results of the work are used to formulate a number of recommendations for talker and voice simulator electroacoustic characteristics and standardization of measurement methods.
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