Digital audio amplifiers convert digital PCM to digital PWM to be amplified by a power stage. This paper introduces a method to generate a quantized duty ratio digital PWM with a switching frequency that varies over a 20% range to mitigate EMI issues. The method is able to compensate for the variation in switching frequency such that the SNR in the audio band is comparable to fixed frequency PWM. To obtain good rejection of the noise introduced by the variation of the PWM frequency higher order noise shapers are used. This paper describes in detail the algorithm for a fourth order noise shaper. Using this method dynamic range in excess of 120 dB un-weighted over a 20 kHz bandwidth is achieved.
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